2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_20번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
In 2003, British Airways made an announcement ①that they would no longer be able to operate the London to New York Concorde flight twice a day because it was starting to prove ②uneconomical. Well, the sales for the flight on this route increased the very next day. There was nothing that changed about the route or the service ③offered by the airlines. Merely because it became a scarce resource, the demand for it increased. If you are interested in persuading people, then the principle of scarcity can be effectively used. If you are a salesperson trying to increase the sales of a certain product, then you must not merely point out the benefits the customer can derive from the said product, but also point out its uniqueness and ④what they will miss out on if they don’t purchase the product soon. In selling, you should keep in mind that the more limited something is, ⑤the more it becomes desirable.
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_21번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
The most dangerous threat to our ability to concentrate is not that we use our smartphone ①during working hours, but that we use it too irregularly. By checking our emails every now and then on the computer and our text messages here and there on our phone with no particular schedule or rhythm in mind, our brain loses its ability to effectively filter. The solution is to regulate your devices as if you ②were on a strict diet. When it comes to nutrition, sticking to a fixed time plan for breakfast, lunch, and dinner ③allows your metabolism to adjust, thereby ④causes less hunger during the in-between phases. Your belly will start to rumble around 12:30 p.m. each day, but that’s okay because that’s a good time to eat lunch. If something ⑤unexpected happens, you can add a snack every now and then to get fresh energy, but your metabolism will remain under control. It’s the same with our brain when you put it on a “media diet.”
*rumble: 우르르 울리다
위의 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은? [3점] ( 2023년 고2 안산 1학기 기말고사 기출문제)
① regular use of smart devices to help you concentrate
② advantages of smartphones in daily life
③ the adverse efffects of smart devices on health
④ ways to overcome hunger for a long time
⑤ factors that boost your metabolism through diet
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_24번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
The free market has liberated people in a way ①that Marxism never could. What is more, as A. O. Hirschman, the Harvard economic historian, showed in his classic study The Passions and the Interests, the market was ②seen by Enlightenment thinkers Adam Smith, David Hume, and Montesquieu as a powerful solution to one of humanity’s greatest traditional weaknesses: violence. When two nations meet, said Montesquieu, they can do one of two things: they can wage war or they can trade. If they wage war, both ③are likely to lose in the long run. If they trade, both will gain. That, of course, was the logic behind the establishment of the European Union: to lock together the destinies of its nations, especially France and Germany, in such a way ④that they would have an overwhelming interest not to wage war again as they had ⑤been to such devastating cost in the first half of the twentieth century.
*Marxism: 마르크스주의
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_31번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
The elements any particular animal needs ①are relatively predictable. They are predictable based on the past: what an animal’s ancestors needed is likely to be what that animal also needs. Taste preferences, therefore, can be hardwired. Consider sodium (Na). The bodies of terrestrial vertebrates, including ②those of mammals, tend to have a concentration of sodium nearly fifty times ③those of the primary producers on land, plants. This is, in part, because vertebrates evolved in the sea and so evolved cells dependent upon the ingredients that were common in the sea, including sodium. To remedy the difference between their needs for sodium and ④that available in plants, herbivores can eat fifty times more plant material than they otherwise need (and eliminate the excess). Or they can seek out other sources of sodium. The salt taste receptor rewards animals for doing the latter, ⑤seeking out salt in order to satisfy their great need.
*terrestrial: 육생의 **vertebrate: 척추동물***herbivore: 초식 동물
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_32번
다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
We might think that our gut instinct is just an inner feeling—a secret interior voice—but in fact it is shaped by a perception of something visible around us, such as a facial expression or a visual inconsistency so fleeting (A)[that / what] often we’re not even aware we’ve noticed it. Psychologists now think of this moment as a ‘visual matching game’. So a stressed, rushed or tired person is more likely to resort to this visual matching. When they see a situation in front of them, they quickly match (B)[them / it] to a sea of past experiences stored in a mental knowledge bank and then, based on a match, they assign meaning to the information in front of them. The brain then sends a signal to the gut, which has many hundreds of nerve cells. So the visceral feeling we get in the pit of our stomach and the butterflies we feel (C)[being / are] a result of our cognitive processing system.
*gut: 직감, 창자 **visceral: 본능적인
(A) (B) (C)
① what them being
② that them are
③ what it are
④ that it being
⑤ that it are
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_33번
다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
When it comes to climates in the interior areas of continents, mountains play a huge role in stopping the flow of moisture. A great example of this can (A)[see / be seen] along the West Coast of the United States. Air moving from the Pacific Ocean toward the land usually has a great deal of moisture in it. When this humid air moves across the land, it encounters the Coast Range Mountains. As the air moves up and over the mountains, it begins to cool, (B)[what / which] causes precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. Once the air moves down the opposite side of the mountains (called the leeward side) it has lost a great deal of moisture. The air continues to move and then hits the even higher Sierra Nevada mountain range. This second uplift causes most of the remaining moisture (C)[to fall / falling] out of the air, so by the time it reaches the leeward side of the Sierras, the air is extremely dry. The result is that much of the state of Nevada is a desert.
(A) (B) (C)
① see what to fall
② see which falling
③ be seen what to fall
④ be seen which falling
⑤ be seen which to fall
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_34번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
One vivid example of how a market mindset can transform and undermine an institution ①given by Dan Ariely in his book Predictably Irrational. He tells the story of a day care center in Israel that decided to fine parents who arrived late to pick up their children, in the hope ②that this would discourage them from doing so. In fact, the exact opposite happened. Before the imposition of fines, parents felt ③guilty about arriving late, and guilt was effective in ensuring that only a few did so. Once a fine was introduced, it seems that in the minds of the parents the entire scenario was changed from a social contract to a market ④one. Essentially, they were paying for the center to look after their children after hours. Some parents thought it worth the price, and the rate of late arrivals increased. Significantly, once the center abandoned the fines and went back to the previous arrangement, late arrivals remained at the high level they ⑤had reached during the period of the fines.
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_38번
다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은?
Brightness of sounds means much energy in higher frequencies, ①which can be calculated from the sounds easily. A violin has many more overtones ②comparing to a flute and sounds brighter. An oboe is brighter than a classical guitar, and a crash cymbal brighter than a double bass. This is obvious, and indeed people like brightness. One reason is that it makes sound subjectively louder, ③which is part of the loudness war in modern electronic music, and in the classical music of the 19th century. All sound engineers know that if they play back a track to a musician that just has recorded this track and add some higher frequencies, the musician will immediately like the track ④much better. But this is a short-lived effect, and in the long run, people find such sounds too bright. So it is wise not to play back such a track with too much brightness, as it normally takes quite some time ⑤to convince the musician that less brightness serves his music better in the end.
2021년_고2_11월_경기도 교육청_학력평가_39번
다음 글의 괄호 (A), (B), (C) 안에서 어법에 맞는 표현으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Scientists who have observed plants growing in the dark have found that they are vastly different in appearance, form, and function from (A)[that / those] grown in the light. This is true even when the plants in the different light conditions are genetically identical and are grown under identical conditions of temperature, water, and nutrient level. Seedlings grown in the dark limit the amount of energy (B)[goes / going] to organs that do not function at full capacity in the dark, like cotyledons and roots, and instead initiate elongation of the seedling stem to propel the plant out of darkness. In full light, seedlings reduce the amount of energy they allocate to stem elongation. The energy is directed to (C)[expand / expanding] their leaves and developing extensive root systems. This is a good example of phenotypic plasticity. The seedling adapts to distinct environmental conditions by modifying its form and the underlying metabolic and biochemical processes.
*elongation: 연장 **cotyledon: 떡잎***phenotypic plasticity: 표현형 적응성
(A) (B) (C)
① those goes expanding
② that goes expand
③ those going expanding
④ those going expand
⑤ that going expanding